2.1.11 Thunderbolt Interface - Notes
Thunderbolt works as both a display interface like DisplayPort or HDMI and a general peripheral interface like USB. It started out Apple-centric, but it is now common on Windows and Linux systems too.
| Version | Physical connector | Max speed | Key features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thunderbolt 1 | MiniDP | 10 Gbps | Compatible with DisplayPort |
| Thunderbolt 2 | MiniDP | 20 Gbps | Daisy-chain multiple monitors |
| Thunderbolt 3 | USB-C | 40 Gbps | USB devices work in TB3 ports; Thunderbolt devices do not work in regular USB-C ports; max cable length 0.5 m |
| Thunderbolt 4 | USB-C | 40 Gbps | Improved minimum performance; supports docks with up to 4 TB4 ports |
| Thunderbolt 5 | USB-C | Higher than TB4 | Enhanced features; details still evolving |
Critical Things to Remember
- Thunderbolt ports are marked with a lightning bolt icon.
- Not all USB-C ports support Thunderbolt, so always check the icon or system documentation.
- USB devices work in Thunderbolt 3, 4, and 5 ports, but Thunderbolt devices do not work in regular USB-C ports.
- Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the MiniDP connector, while Thunderbolt 3 and later use USB-C.
- Converter cables exist to connect Thunderbolt 1 and 2 devices to Thunderbolt 3 ports.