2.1.1 Personal Computers - Quick Notes

PC Component Categories

PC components split into two categories:

• Peripherals: input devices such as a keyboard, mouse, microphone, and camera; output devices such as a monitor and speakers; and external storage.
• Internal: the motherboard, CPU, RAM, adapter cards, fixed disks, and PSU housed in the case.

All-in-One Systems

An all-in-one computer has its internal components built into the monitor itself.

Case Panels

Front Panel

• May include an optical drive, power button, LEDs, and front I/O such as USB and audio ports.
• You may need to remove the side panel first to access the screws for the front panel.

Rear Panel

• Contains the PSU area and fan exhaust, which should be kept unobstructed.
• Includes the motherboard I/O panel and expansion card slots.

Why Gaps in the Case Are Bad

Open gaps in the case create three main risks:

• Dust: can lead to component overheating.
• ESD (electrostatic discharge): can damage chips.
• EMI (electromagnetic interference): can cause temporary or permanent faults.

I/O Shield and Blanking Plates

The I/O shield covers the motherboard port area. Its pins ground external metal parts to help protect against ESD.

Blanking plates cover unused expansion slots. Both help protect the system from dust, ESD, and EMI.